天赋理论最新发展研究

Chomsky’s linguistic theory has not only revived the nativism，but also promoted its development in contemporary philosophy and cognitive science.The fields it covered range from psychology，linguistics and ethics，to ethology，neuroscience and computational science.The forms of contemporary Nativism develop from language innateness and modular theory to Evolutionary Nativism，Genetic Nativism and A new comprehensive theory.Each forms has its own Theoretical factions.Nativism and Empiricism which produced in ancient Greec are two different answers about the source of human cognition.Now，the debate is not j ust academic.It would affect mass media and the general public especially when the issue comes to the emotional instinct or personality preferences.Because of cultural background，values，the emphasis of eastern and western Innatism is different.Western focuses on the nature，structure，Arcanum and the operating mechanism of mind.The Oriental pay more attention to a series of questions of ethics and morality.The contemporary nativism has the following distinctive features：the foundation is modern science，especially genetics and biology；the fields it covered are widespread；the issues it concerned include the sturction and function of nativism；the research style is more naturalistic.The opponents stress that concept of“innate”is very confusing，the theory of innate ideas what it means is not clear.There will be misunderstanding and controversy because of the mix of words and phrases.Whether people agree or disagree with the concept of“innate”，emphasizing the innate factor has become a general consensus.Nativism is closely linked to paradigm of cognitive science.The different cognitive scientific research program in explaining the psychological structure is not the same.So innate is a“framework concept”.Relating to the notion of innateness，the nature of mind，and so on，this paper examines the history of traditional nativism and the forms of modern nativism，and discusses the issues of modern nativism.In the interpretation of the classics of Marxism，we can easily find a large number of expositions oninnate ideas which constitute Marxist innateness theory.Marxism theory of reflection has difference between germline and individual，such as homotropic inheritance.Marxism theory unfolds its critique on traditional nativism，but not innate ideas.Modern nativism bring about opportunities and challenges to Marxist epistemology.The thesis makes analysis of their rationalities to enrich and develop Marxist theory.This is the essential requirements of philosophy’s modernization，but also development needs of Marxism Epistemology.Contemporarynativism enriches and develops the traditional innatism，and the reasonable factors will promote theoretical innovation on related disciplines.It provide new issues and angle for artificial intelligence，anthropology，ethics，pedagogy，and so on.But the criticism of contemporary nativism makes great pressure，and it does have itsown theoretical defects.First，lack of forceful arguments，the argument is not sufficient.The second is too much emphasis on nature，ignore nurture.Third，the concept of innate is confused.The fourth is caught in the paradox of theory.Fifth，it main considers intellectual factors，with little consideration of their social impact.So Nativism relies heavily on scientific and technological progress.Its development needs broader integration.Key words：Nativism；Computationalism；Neo-teleology；Embod-ied Cognition；Marxis

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