中国地方政府科技投入行为研究

The local government is an important player in building an innovative state.Reasonable positioning and effective realization of its function are especially important to China during the transitional period.Domestic and international scholars haven't paid enough attention to the positioning and realization mechanism of local government's function in S＆T innovation for a long period.To give better play of local government in building an innovative state,it is necessary to examine theoretically the inherent logic and footprint of evolution of local government's S＆T investment and provide scientific basis for local government to adjust its S＆T investment.The paper builds a framework for analysis of local government's S＆T investment:motivation—model—behavior reasonableness,and examines the model formation and behavior reasonableness of local government in S＆T investment by analyzing the motive mechanism of local government's S＆T investment.The paper takes the systemic scientific methodology as the theoretical tool and studies the benefit-realizing path and influential factors of local government's S＆T investment by analyzing the government's right structure and adopting the cost-benefit method.The study has found that the S＆T investors in local government obtain local benefits and are recognized by the upper-level government.Factors that influence local benefits include environmental and individual conditions.The upper-level government plays its role through the review mechanism.The national S＆T strategy serves as the systematic environment.Influential factors of individuals include mainly the level of industrial development and cluster extent of S＆T resources.Due to different level of regional economic development and unbalanced spatial distribution of S＆T resources,local government has different motives and orientations in S＆T investment,divided into three types:enterprise-oriented,university/institute-oriented and mixed-oriented.On such a basis,local government's behavior models of S＆T investment are primarily divided with statistical data.The effect of local government's S＆T investment under different behavior models has been measured and examined to validate the theoretical assumption proposed in this paper.The paper defines the connotation about reasonableness of local government's S＆T investment,proposes the criteria to judge local government's reasonableness in S＆T investment and carries out the primary analysis from two dimensions:scale and structure.The study has found that the provincial and regional S＆T investment is large for university/institution oriented,but inadequate for enterprise-oriented and the latter's effect isn't fully released yet.Local government's R＆T investment execution structure is unbalanced.The percentage of fundamental researches where the local government has university/institute-oriented S＆T investment is higher than enterprise-oriented and mixed-oriented regions.The paper concludes that the local officials'short-termism,unclear responsibilities between levels of government in S＆T investment and defective mechanism of S＆T work performance result in distortion of local government's S＆T investment.Based on above analysis,this paper proposes advice to promote the system to examine local government's S＆T work performance,define the responsibilities between central and local government in S＆T investment and enhance the innovation of local S＆T system.Keywords:local government S＆T investment behavioral model performance

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