摘要：匈牙利致力于发展同中国的合作关系的意愿由来已久。2011年6月，首届中国—中东欧国家经贸论坛在布达佩斯成功召开，正在匈牙利访问的时任总理温家宝出席了论坛。匈牙利官方将此次经贸论坛视为是“16+1合作”的开端。2012年中国和中东欧国家正式启动“16+1合作”框架后，匈牙利一直是“16+1合作”的积极参与者和推动者。中国提出“一带一路”倡议后，匈牙利政府积极寻求将“向东开放”政策与“一带一路”倡议相对接，双方开展了一系列务实合作。2017年5月13日，习近平主席与来华出席“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的欧尔班总理共同宣布两国建立全面战略伙伴关系。两国之间目前已建立了全方位、宽领域、多层次的合作关系，中匈关系已处于历史最好水平。本报告全面描述了中匈政治关系、经贸关系、金融合作、人文交流等方面的历史、现状与前景，并在此基础上提出推进中匈合作的政策建议。报告分为下列几个章节：第一章从“一带一路”倡议、“16+1合作”以及国家核心利益等方面论述了中国和匈牙利伙伴关系的战略性。报告指出近年来匈牙利对转轨和加入欧盟出现的问题存在质疑，中匈有发展成紧密依赖关系的动力，未来也面临良好合作的机遇。第二章全面梳理了中匈两国政治关系的历史，论述了中国—中东欧国家合作框架建立以来双边关系的升级以及在国际事务中的协调和配合；在肯定双边关系进入快速发展时期的同时，也从欧盟和匈牙利内部政治稳定角度分析了中国与匈牙利政治关系发展的难点与挑战，勾勒了匈牙利国内乐观看待合作前景、谨慎看待合作困难以及全面确保自身利益三种对华关系的看法。第三章运用大量贸易、投资等统计数据论述了中匈经贸关系现状，分析了中匈双边贸易的发展进程和结构，考察了中国对匈牙利投资的具体情况和突出案例，指出了中国在匈投资面临的风险和挑战。第四章追溯了中匈金融合作的历史，尤其是2008年金融危机后匈牙利政府提出“向东开放”政策以来两国金融合作的新进展；重点介绍了匈牙利国家银行的“人民币项目”和“布达佩斯人民币倡议”，以及该倡议实施后所取得的成果。第五章从语言学习、文化艺术交流、旅游和文化产业、中医药合作、学术和智库交流等方面详细介绍了中国和匈牙利人文交流的现状，总结了中匈人文交流的特点，并分析了两国人文交流进一步发展面临的语言人才缺乏、方式和内容有待提高、华人华侨作用需进一步发掘等问题。第六章基于对中匈政治、经贸、金融、人文等方面的历史回顾和现状分析，提出了推进中国和匈牙利合作的一系列政策建议。关键词：中匈关系；全面战略伙伴关系；全方位合作；政策建议Abstract: Hungary has long been devoted to the development of cooperative relationship with China.In June 2011,the first China-CEEC Economic and Trade Forum was successfully held in Budapest,with the attendance of Premier Wen Jiabao,who was visiting Hungary in the meantime.Hungarian government regards the Economic and Trade Forum as the beginning of the 16+1 Cooperation.Since the 16+1 Cooperation framework was officially launched by China and CEEC in 2012,Hungary remained as an active participant and promoter of the 16+1 Cooperation.After China put forward the Belt and Road Initiative,Hungarian government actively sought to coordinate their“Opening to the East”policy with the BRI,and carried out a series of pragmatic cooperation.In May 13,2017,President Xi Jinping and Hungarian Prime Minister Victor Orban,who came to attend the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in China,jointly announced the establishment of the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between the two countries.China and Hungary have now established a comprehensive,wide-ranging and multi-level cooperative relation,and the relationship between China and Hungary is at the best level in history.This report comprehensively describes the history,current situation and prospect of China-Hungarian relationship,including the aspects of political relationship,economic and trade relationship,financial cooperation,cultural exchanges,etc.,and gives some policy suggestions on the above basis,in order to promote the cooperation with Hungary.The report is divided into the following chapters:Chapter 1 illustrates the strategic importance of China Hungarian partnership in the aspects of BRI,16+1 Cooperation,and national core interests.The report points out that in recent years Hungary doubted the problems of transition and joining the EU,China and Hungary have the dynamics of developing into close and dependent relationship,and are facing the opportunities for good cooperation in the future.Chapter 2 comprehensively overviews the history of China-Hungarian political relation,and demonstrates the upgrading of bilateral relations and coordinating in international affairs after the establishment of the framework of China-CEEC Cooperation; and analysis the difficulties and challenges of developing China-Hungarian political relation in the perspective of the internal political stability of Hungary and the EU with admitting that bilateral relationship has entered a rapidly developing period; then describes three kinds of Hungarian domestic views of China,including optimistically regarding on the prospects for cooperation,viewing the difficulties of cooperation in cautious and comprehensively ensuring their own interests.Chapter 3 uses a large number of trade and investment statistics to analyze the current situation of China-Hungarian economic and trade relation,argues the development process and structure of bilateral trade,and examines the specific situation and particular examples of Chinese investments in Hungary,and points out the risks and challenges of Chinese investments in Hungary.Chapter 4 traces the history of China-Hungarian financial cooperation,especially the new progress of financial cooperation since Hungarian government proposed the“Opening to the East”policy after the financial crisis in 2008;and focuses on the introduction of“RMB Program”and“Budapest RMB Initiative”of the Central Bank of Hungary,and the results of its implementation.Chapter 5 introduces the current situation of cultural exchanges between China and Hungary in detail from the aspects of language learning,cultural and art exchanges,tourism and cultural industry,traditional Chinese medicine,academic and think tanks exchanges,etc.Then it concludes the characteristics of the China-Hungarian cultural exchanges,and analyses the problems of the further development of bilateral cultural exchanges,including the lack of language talents,the needs of improving the means and contents,and the needs of exploring the potentiality of overseas Chinese.Chapter 6 gives a series of policy suggestions of promoting China-Hungarian cooperation on the basis of the historical reviews and current situation analysis in the aspects of political,economic and trade,financial,cultural,etc.Key Words: the Relationship between China and Hungary,the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership,the Comprehensive Cooperation,Policy Suggestions
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