中非减贫合作与经验分享

摘要：第二次世界大战结束以来，发展中国家努力探索实现国家繁荣、经济与社会快速发展及改善民众福祉之道路。但由于种种原因，发展中国家减贫成效出现了不同的情势：中国等一些曾经发展落后的国家成功地大幅削减了贫困人口数量，成为全球减贫的重要贡献者；而在发展中国家最为集中的非洲大陆，贫困问题仍然困扰着当地民众。当下，中非减贫合作具有坚实的基础：强烈的减贫政治意愿与战略共识是中非减贫合作的利益契合点；贫困基本特征的趋同性是中非减贫合作的内在驱动力；日益增多的合作机制是中非减贫合作的机制保障。随着南南国家减贫合作模式影响力上升以及非洲国家大力推进经济转型，中非减贫合作进入新时代。对于非洲而言，各国宜依据本国历史、文化、经济发展特点，有选择地借鉴中国减贫经验，并经历外部减贫经验的本土化过程，形成具有非洲国别特色的减贫做法。对于中国而言，在中非减贫合作中，应以构建人类命运共同体理念为指导，尊重非洲减贫发展战略的自主性，以双方合作的平等性、包容性和多样性为原则，动员多方力量参与其中，开展综合性减贫合作。关键词：中非合作；减贫；人类命运共同体；合作共赢；经验分享Abstract：Since the end of the World WarⅡ，devel-oping countries have been exploring waysto realize national prosperity，hasten social and economic development and improve people’s welfare.For various reasons，however，poverty alleviation efforts have achieved different results.On the one hand，some developing countries like China have successfully reduced their impoverished population and become important contributors to the global poverty relief ef-fort；on the other hand，the African Continent，a place where most developing countries are located，is still strugg-ling to lift people out of poverty.At present，China-Africa poverty alleviation cooperation has established solid founda-tions as can be shown in strong political will and strategic consensus in poverty reductionserving bilateral common in-terests；the commonality in the basic features of poverty in China and Africa serving as the intrinsic driving force for poverty reduction cooperation；and increasing cooperation opportunities serving as external momentum.With increas-ing influence from south-south cooperation and African countries’vigorous promotion of economic transformation，China-African poverty reduction cooperation has entered a new era.For African countries，it is advisable to draw se-lectively upon China’s poverty alleviation experiences based on each country’s own characteristics of history，culture and economics.That means，during the localization process of the foreign experiences on poverty alleviation，the African countries should form their own poverty reduction mode with African characteristics；for China，during the process of poverty reduction cooperation，the guiding ideology should be construction of a community with a shared future for mankind，and the principle should be based on equality，inclusiveness and diversity of cooperation with respect for the autonomy of African poverty alleviation strategies，mobi-lizing various forces to carry out comprehensive poverty alle-viation measures.Key Words：China-African cooperation，Poverty re-duction，Community with shared future for mankind，Win-win cooperation，Experience sharing

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